Sains Malaysiana 53(3)(2024): 477-486
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5303-01
A Guideline for Greenhouse Gas
Emission Reduction and Carbon Sequestration in Forest Sector Based on Thailand
Voluntary Emission Reduction Programme
(Suatu Garis Panduan untuk
Pengurangan Pelepasan Gas Rumah Hijau dan Pensekuesteran Karbon di Dasar Sektor Hutan
untuk Program Pengurangan Pelepasan Sukarela di Thailand)
YANNAWUT UTTARUK1, PHUNG VAN KHOA2 & TEERAWONG LAOSUWAN3,*
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham,
Thailand
2Vietnam National University of Forestry,
Xuan Mai, Chuong My, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam
3Department of
Physics, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham Univesity, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham,
Thailand
Diserahkan: 17 April 2023/Diterima: 16 Februari2024
Abstract
Currently climate change
and global warming have significant impact on the environment toward
biodiversity and human quality of life. Major cause derives from human
activities that produce greenhouse gas emission especially the diffusion of
carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. One way to address global warming is to
increase the absorption potential of greenhouse gases, especially carbon
dioxide. The best natural method is forest adsorption whereby trees absorb
carbon dioxide and store it in the form of biomass through photosynthesis.
Therefore, forests are a highly efficient source of carbon sinks. The main
objective of this research was to implement a methodology for greenhouse gas
reduction and carbon sequestration assessments in forest sector according to
Thailand's standards known as the Thailand Voluntary Emission Reduction
Program (T-VER). According to climate change, reduction of greenhouse gas
process will use methodology of T-VER-METH-FOR-01 Version 2 (Sustainable Forestation)andT-VER-TOOL-FOR/AGR-01
Version 2(Calculation for Carbon
Sequestration). The Baseline Sequestration/Emissionand Project Sequestration/
Emission as well as plant diversity assessment in project area as greenhouse
gas activity will be used for the calculation. The results of this development
of prototype project could be used for concluding content of greenhouse gas
from 134.72 ha of the research area and it was shown that Baseline
Sequestration was 19,618.95 tCO2e. When calculating Project
Sequestration for 10 years, carbon content could be increased by 27,617.95tCO2e calculated
to be 800.61tCO2e/yr.
Therefore, total Project Sequestration was 8,006.13tCO2e.
Keywords: Carbon
sequestration; climate change; community forest; greenhouse gas; TGO; T-VER
Abstrak
Pada masa ini, perubahan iklim dan pemanasan global mempunyai impak yang besar kepada alam sekitar terhadap kepelbagaian biologi dan kualiti hidup manusia. Punca utama berpunca daripada aktiviti manusia yang menghasilkan pelepasan gas rumah hijau terutamanya resapan karbon dioksida ke atmosfera.
Salah satu cara untuk menangani pemanasan global ialah meningkatkan potensi penyerapan gas rumah hijau, terutamanya karbon dioksida. Kaedah semula jadi terbaik ialah penjerapan hutan yang mana pokok menyerap karbon dioksida dan menyimpannya dalam bentuk biojisim melalui fotosintesis. Oleh itu, hutan adalah sumber penyerap karbon yang sangat cekap. Objektif utama penyelidikan ini adalah untuk melaksanakan metodologi bagi penilaian pengurangan gas rumah hijau dan pensekuesteran karbon dalam sektor hutan mengikut piawaian Thailand yang dikenali sebagai Program Pengurangan Pelepasan Sukarela Thailand
(T-VER). Mengikut perubahan iklim, pengurangan proses
gas rumah hijau akan menggunakan metodologi T-VER-METH-FOR-01 Versi 2 (Hutan Lestari) dan T-VER-TOOL-FOR/AGR-01 Versi 2 (Pengiraan untuk Penyerapan Karbon). Pensekuesteran Garis Dasar/Pelepasan dan Pensekuesteran/Pelepasan Projek serta penilaian kepelbagaian tumbuhan di kawasan projek sebagai aktiviti gas rumah hijau akan digunakan untuk tujuan pengiraan. Hasil pembangunan projek prototaip ini boleh digunakan untuk menyimpulkan kandungan gas rumah hijau dari 134.72 ha di kawasan penyelidikan dan telah mendedahkan bahawa Pensekuesteran Garis Dasar ialah 19,618.95 tCO2e. Apabila menghitung Projek Pensekuesteran selama 10 tahun, kandungan karbon boleh ditingkatkan sebanyak 27,617.95 tCO2e dihitung menjadi 800.61 tCO2e/thn. Oleh itu, jumlah Projek Pensekuesteran ialah 8,006.13 tCO2e.
Kata kunci: Gas rumah hijau; hutan komuniti; pensekuesteran karbon; perubahan iklim; TGO; T-VER
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: teerawong@msu.ac.th
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